Mediterranean Diet and Breast Cancer Risk

Mediterranean Diet and Breast Cancer Risk

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Mediterranean Diet and Invasive Breast Cancer Risk Among Women at High Cardiovascular Risk in the PREDIMED Trial: A Randomized Clinical Trial written by Estefanía Toledo et al and published in JAMA Internal Medicine in September 2015.

https://aihm.org/publications/journal-club/mediterranean-diet-and-breast-cancer-risk/

Editor: David Riley, MD, AIHM Journal Club.

COMMENTARY:

This randomized controlled trial (RCT) suggests there is a beneficial effect from following a Mediterranean Diet along with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) for the primary prevention of breast cancer, the leading cause of cancer in women worldwide.

ARTICLE REVIEW:

This RCT compared the incidence of breast cancer in 4,282 Spanish patients between the ages of 60 and 80 at high cardiovascular risk, who followed a Mediterranean diet (with EVOO or nuts) compared with those who followed a low-fat diet on breast cancer incidence. This study was conducted within PREDIMED and was discontinued in December 2010 due to evidence of benefit of the Mediterranean Diet plus extra-virgin olive oil and the Mediterranean Diet plus nuts as compared with the low-fat diet control group.

After almost five years of follow-up, the “observed rates (per 1000 person-years) were 1.1 for the Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil group, 1.8 for the Mediterranean diet with nuts group, and 2.9 for the control group. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios vs. the control group were 0.32 (95% CI, 0.13-0.79) for the Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil group and 0.59 (95% CI, 0.26-1.35) for the Mediterranean diet with nuts group. In analyses with yearly cumulative updated dietary exposures, the hazard ratio for each additional 5% of calories from extra-virgin olive oil was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.57-0.90).”1

Although the incidence of cancer overall was low, these results are likely to have underestimated the beneficial effect of the intervention as most of the women lost to follow-up were in the control group.

Trial Registration: ISRCTN.org Identifier: ISRCTN35739639

CITATION:

1

      Toledo E, Salas-Salvadó J, Donat-Vargas C, Buil-Cosiales P, Estruch R, et al.

Mediterranean Diet and Invasive Breast Cancer Risk Among Women at High Cardiovascular Risk in the PREDIMED Trial: A Randomized Clinical Trial JAMA Intern Med. Published online September 14, 2015. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4838.

REFERENCE:

DISCLOSURE:

David Riley is an Associate Editor with The Permanente Journal and Integrative Medicine – A Clinician’s Journal (IMCJ).

 

 

 

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